HQExo™ Exosome-Potato(Exo-PDELN04)

Benefits of Potatoes

Potatoes, often seen as a humble staple in our diet, are a powerhouse of nutrients and beneficial compounds. Rich in vitamins C and B6, potassium, and fiber, potatoes contribute significantly to overall health. Vitamin C, a potent antioxidant, helps combat oxidative stress and supports the immune system. Vitamin B6 plays a crucial role in brain health and metabolism, while potassium aids in maintaining proper electrolyte balance and muscle function.
Moreover, potatoes contain polyphenols, particularly chlorogenic acid, which has been linked to various health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These components collectively contribute to the protective and restorative effects of potatoes on the skin and body.

What Are Potato-Derived Exosomes?

Potato-derived exosomes are nano-sized vesicles ranging from 50 to 250 nm, characterized by their elliptical bilayer morphology and stability in solution with negative electronegativity. These exosomes encapsulate a variety of bioactive molecules, including proteins, lipids, and RNA, which facilitate intercellular communication and convey therapeutic benefits.
Recent studies have demonstrated that when green fluorescently labeled potato-derived exosomes are co-incubated with keratinocytes, the presence of fluorescent signals within the cells confirms their uptake. This process was further validated by flow cytometry, revealing a concentration-dependent internalization of potato-derived exosomes by keratinocytes.

Applications of Potato-Derived Exosomes

The application of potato-derived exosomes extends beyond basic science and ventures into the realm of skincare and cosmetic development. Here are some of the exciting applications being explored:
1. Anti-Aging Potential: Utilizing the natural components of potatoes, potato-derived exosomes have shown a significant reduction in the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and inflammatory cytokines in keratinocytes, which are notorious for their role in aging skin. This suggests a potential role in anti-photoaging treatments.
2. Skin Cell Proliferation: Treatment with potato-derived exosomes has been observed to increase keratinocyte proliferation with negligible cytotoxicity, indicating that it could promote skin health and regeneration without harming the cells.
3. Antioxidant Properties: In models of oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), pre-treatment with potato-derived exosomes has demonstrated antioxidant properties, showcasing their ability to combat free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner.
4. Protection and Repair of Photodamaged Cells: Potato-derived exosomes have a dual effect in protecting and rescuing photodamaged keratinocytes. They inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines and MMPs, which are unfavorable for collagen synthesis, while also preventing cellular peroxidation by upregulating glutathione S-transferase alpha 4 levels.

References

1. Lee Y, Jeong D Y, Jeun Y C, et al. Preventive and ameliorative effects of potato exosomes on UVB‑induced photodamage in keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Molecular Medicine Reports. 2023. 28(3): 1-10.

Case study 1: Lee Y, 2023

In a recent study, researchers investigated the potential of exosomes derived from potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), termed ExoPs, in mitigating photodamage in keratinocyte HaCaT cells. The study demonstrated that ExoPs, which exhibit biophysics akin to those of exosomes from mammalian cells, can penetrate HaCaT cells and suppress the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and inflammatory cytokines, key factors in collagen degradation and inflammation. The researchers found that ExoPs not only promote cell proliferation but also exhibit antioxidant properties, protecting cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity and minimizing UVB-induced photodamage. Furthermore, ExoPs were shown to induce the expression of glutathione S-transferase α 4, enhancing the cells' detoxifying capabilities. The study suggests that ExoPs could serve as a natural and safe cosmetic ingredient with anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects, offering a promising avenue for the development of restorative skincare products.

Figure 1. The impact of potato exosomes (ExoPs) on the survival of HaCaT cells was evaluated. (A) The WST-1 assay was utilized to determine the comparative cell viability, with untreated cells as the control. The viability ratio is expressed as a percentage, with ascorbic acid (AA) serving as a comparative benchmark. (B) The capacity of ExoPs to neutralize hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was assessed by exposing HaCaT cells to H2O2 and subsequently introducing varying levels of ExoPs. (C) The ExoPs' ability to quench DPPH free radicals was examined using the standard antioxidant AA. A concentration range of 0 to 4 mg/ml of ExoPs was mixed with DPPH, incubated in darkness at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then the absorbance was recorded at 517 nm via spectrophotometry. (D) The influence of ExoPs on HaCaT cells subjected to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation was studied, with cells being pre-treated or post-treated with ExoPs.

Figure 2. Mechanism of UVB photodamage prevention and mitigation by ExoPs. (A) RT-PCR was used to validate the concentration-dependent inhibition of UVB-induced MMP1, IL6, and TNF-α expression by ExoPs in HaCaT keratinocyte cells. (B) PCR analysis of MMPs, cytokine genes, and GSTA4 expression levels when HaCaT cells were treated with ExoPs both prior to and following UVB exposure. (C) Impact of ExoPs on collagen production in HaCaT cells subjected to UVB irradiation.

References

1. Lee Y, Jeong D Y, Jeun Y C, et al. Preventive and ameliorative effects of potato exosomes on UVB‑induced photodamage in keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Molecular Medicine Reports. 2023. 28(3): 1-10.

• How are potato exosomes isolated and purified?

  Potato exosomes are isolated through a series of differential centrifugation steps followed by ultracentrifugation. To ensure purity, we employ size exclusion chromatography and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques, resulting in highly concentrated and contaminant-free exosomes.

• Can potato exosomes be customized for specific research needs?

  Yes, we offer customization services for potato exosomes to meet specific research requirements, such as loading specific cargos (e.g., proteins, RNAs) or surface modifications to target specific cells or tissues.

• What methods can be used to characterize potato exosomes?

  Characterization of potato exosomes can be performed using techniques such as nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and western blotting for exosomal markers.

• What quality control measures are in place to ensure the consistency and reliability of potato exosome products?

  We implement stringent quality control measures throughout the production process. This includes regular testing for particle size distribution, zeta potential, protein content, and biological activity. Additionally, our production facilities adhere to GMP standards to ensure consistency, reliability, and compliance with industry regulations.

• What applications can potato exosomes be used for in research and therapeutics?

  Potato exosomes can be used in various fields such as drug delivery, biomarker discovery, cosmetics, and as a natural nano-carrier for therapeutics. They are particularly interesting for research into plant-exosome interactions with mammalian cells.

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